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Causes and effective factors in the formation of floods
Volume 5, Issue 2, 2022-2023, Pages 69 - 74
1 Professor, Department of Human Geography and Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Human Geography and Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran
3 PhD in geography and planning, University of Tehran
Abstract :
Flood is one of the most important natural hazards in the world. Natural and human factors are involved in floods together. Human factors such as blocking canals or improper use of land, deforestation in areas with rivers and urban development along with encroachment on river boundaries and creating impervious surfaces are the most important of these factors. The causes of floods have been discussed.The findings of the research show that the dimensions and factors affecting the occurrence of floods can be classified as follows: institutional-management; It contains features related to risk reduction, planning and experience of previous disasters and is affected by the capacity of communities to reduce risk, the employment of local people in risk reduction. Physical-environmental; Assessment of community response and post-disaster recovery capacity such as shelters, housing units and infrastructure such as pipelines, roads and their dependence on other infrastructure. Its variables include the following; land use - type of housing - building quality and age - building ownership - green spaces - density of the built environment - accessibility and geographical and social characteristics; It is obtained from the difference of social capacity in reacting positively to adapt to changes and maintain adaptive behaviors and recover from accidents. Its variables include the following: level of awareness-quality of life-attachment to the place and desire to maintain cultural standards. Economic; The response and adaptation of individuals and communities so that they are able to reduce the potential damages caused by accidents. Its variables include the following: income and suitable job conditions-insurance-savings.
Flood is one of the most important natural hazards in the world. Natural and human factors are involved in floods together. Human factors such as blocking canals or improper use of land, deforestation in areas with rivers and urban development along with encroachment on river boundaries and creating impervious surfaces are the most important of these factors. The causes of floods have been discussed.The findings of the research show that the dimensions and factors affecting the occurrence of floods can be classified as follows: institutional-management; It contains features related to risk reduction, planning and experience of previous disasters and is affected by the capacity of communities to reduce risk, the employment of local people in risk reduction. Physical-environmental; Assessment of community response and post-disaster recovery capacity such as shelters, housing units and infrastructure such as pipelines, roads and their dependence on other infrastructure. Its variables include the following; land use - type of housing - building quality and age - building ownership - green spaces - density of the built environment - accessibility and geographical and social characteristics; It is obtained from the difference of social capacity in reacting positively to adapt to changes and maintain adaptive behaviors and recover from accidents. Its variables include the following: level of awareness-quality of life-attachment to the place and desire to maintain cultural standards. Economic; The response and adaptation of individuals and communities so that they are able to reduce the potential damages caused by accidents. Its variables include the following: income and suitable job conditions-insurance-savings.
Keywords :
crisis management, flood, human factors, natural factors.
crisis management, flood, human factors, natural factors.